African Traditional Education Essay

Patterns IN EARLY CHILDHOOD AND PRIMARY SCHOOL EDUCATION IN THE WORLD, AFRICA AND PARTICULARLY IN KENYA Course portrayal History of Early adolescence and grade school training from the old Greco-Roman occasions to the current occasions. The Renaissance time frame in Europe; The Industrial time frame in Europe; The Education in Traditional African set up; The History of Early youth in provincial time. Adolescence and Primary School Education in Independent Kenya Early Childhood Education in Old Greece. By and large, instruction and tutoring can be followed to around 500 BC in old Greece. Old Greece as the pioneer of human advancement had numerous city states. In any case, conspicuous among these were Athens and Sparta. History uncovers that early preparing of the Spartan Child was not exclusively done at home with the mother of the kid as instructor, yet newborn child training was a state concern. This is as in at earliest stages, the kid was painstakingly inspected by neighborhood older folks to check whether his physical and mental stance would suit the point of this prevalently aggressive state. Where the youngster was discovered genuinely frail he was quickly disposed of. The suggestion is that among the Spartans, just solid youngsters were raised to become residents. The Athenians might not have given specific consideration to youth instruction in the first place, yet history discloses to us that with the happening to Athenian Philosophers like Plato and Aristotle, acknowledgment was given to the requirement for youth training from birth till about age seven. This period, (birth to 7years) in their view ought to really be committed as the principal phase of â€Å"proper† rudimentary tutoring. Youth Education in Old Roman Empire. The Old Roman Empire appeared not long after the breakdown of Old Greece. Having vanquished Greece, the Romans embraced the Greek arrangement of training. Prior to at that point, training for the Roman kid was for the most part a home issue. Directly from birth, the dad of the infant kid really decided his endurance. †The infant kid was laid at his father’s feet. On the off chance that the dad lifted him that implied that he recognized and acknowledged obligation regarding him. Be that as it may, if the dad dismissed, the converse was a capital punishment for the youngster. This likewise implied before the impact of the Greeks, the Romans never had a set standard on formal tutoring for the small kid. Their concept of preschool training was learning the father’s exchange. The mother then again dealt with the child’s moral preparing. The impact of Greek training achieved another involvement with the Roman perfect for instruction. This new Graeco-Roman instructive framework presented the Ludus or basic training among different phases of learning. The Ludus was the principal phase of realizing which dealt with preschool instruction all through to primary school. Explicitly the Ludus preschool educational plan content had Reading, Writing and Arithmetic, utilizing the play strategy. For the most part in the matter of youth training in the old Roman Empire, one cannotâ underestimate the commitments of Quintilian. He was a training scholar of Roman parentage. He accepting cognisance of the youngster as a student who required the correct kind of instruction. Quintilian has such a great amount of worry for the kid, and parental duty towards his ordinary and compelling development. He pushed youth instruction in spite of the Roman section school age of seven years. His accentuation on youth training focuses on the contention that the components of adapting exclusively relies upon memory. This additionally exists in small kids, particularly in their early stages of between zero to seven years. For the most part Quintilian’s commitment to youth instructive hypothesis and practice was very critical to instructive improvement in the old Roman Empire. Youth Education in the Renaissance Period. Advertisement 1300-1600 Unlike the Middle Ages, the Renaissance time frame saw the introduction of new thoughts and information on antiquated Greek learning. A verifiable investigation of this period uncovers that there were some striking researchers who contributed tremendously to instructive world view. Such researchers incorporate Vittorrino da Feltre (1378 †1446), Desdirus Erasmus, (1446 †1536), Juan Luis Vives (1495 †1553). Every one of them took a shot at a hypothesis of youth training. Vittorrino da Feltre built up his concept of youth instruction along the line of Quintilian. He named his school for preschoolers, â€Å"The House of Joy†. In Erasmus’ hypothesis and Practice of training, he suggested that instruction should start with the primary stage or pre-school stage. His conviction for such suggestion is that at this beginning period of learning, the child’s psyche can without much of a stretch get the seeds of devotion which will make him acquainted with the fundamentals of good conduct. He additionally proposed that at this youthful age, subjects would be better learnt through games and stories. Erasmus likewise focused on the requirement for moms to partake completely in the early training of the kid, while fathers showed good and scriptural guidelines. For the most part Erasmus’ accentuation on newborn child training recommended the correct preparing and technique for Instruction. Additionally in the age of Erasmus was Juan Luis Vives. His commitment to the advancement of youth instruction in this age fixated on helping the youngster guzzle goodness and right information starting at earliest stages. He additionally suggested that educating at the youth stage should right off the bat be possible in the child’s primary language. Most importantly, learning should come through play and down to earth exercises. The modern time frame in Europe The quick development in the general populace of Europe during the Industrial Revolution was coordinated by increments in the extent of individuals who lived in towns and urban areas, and in the extent of the populace who were kids. This sensational social, political and financial change served to uncover the express insufficiency of England’s instructive arrangement. Various reports featured the insufficiencies and called for more and better schools. To fill the holes, and to accommodate England’s recently industrialized society different kinds of school started to be built up to offer some essential instruction to the majority. One such school is the baby school Infant schools They conceded two to multi year olds and thought about them while their folks were busy working in the nearby cotton plants. The guidance of youngsters under six was to comprise of ‘whatever may be assumed helpful that they could comprehend, and much consideration was committed to singing, moving , and playing’. Baby schools were along these lines from the start somewhat ‘minding schools’ for small kids in modern territories; however they likewise tried to advance the children’s physical prosperity and to offer open doors for their good and social preparing and to give some basic guidance in the 3Rs,(reading, composing and ‘rithmetic) with the goal that the kids could gain progressively quick ground when they entered the monitorial school. This arrangement of newborn child training left its imprint for a long time on the educational program and structures of primary schools (for youngsters above age six). The Education in Traditional African arrangement African indigenous training can by and large be characterized as the type of learning in Africa conventional social orders in which information, aptitudes, and mentalities of the clan, were passed from seniors to kids, by methods for oral guidelines and handy exercises. In customary African culture, instruction was very practical and planned for preparing the kid to procure information and abilities and disguise the traditions and standards of the individuals. The African kid is naturally introduced to a family or society where he admires his predecessors and older folks for help. The more youthful kids admire the more established kin as characters to copy. In this manner the customary family with their collective living gave a dock to the more youthful ones in all parts of their preparation. In this general public, the more distant family framework, regardless of how inaccessible, was viewed as an individual from the prompt home, and assumed a job in the childhood of the youngster. However, today, with modernisation and expanding monetary issues, it is getting hard to look past the close family. Basically at an early age, when the kid was weaned, he was instructed to acknowledge some ethical duties. The conventional offices of socialization incorporate the family, kinfolk gathering, social gathering and age gatherings. Despite the fact that today these offices are as yet essential to the early training of the youngster, they are very adjusted with lesser jobs. At the end of the day, the cohesiveness of conventional African culture is today debilitated with the accentuation on youngster independence as upheld by Rousseau and other kid focused logical thinkers. Fundamentally however, the African youngster in the customary setting simply like the kindergarten school kid in present day society was educated in the most functional manner. He was made to gain from more seasoned individuals, particularly from his mom. He learnt through inception, recitation and showing. He took part in recreational activities like moving and singing, wrestling, drumming and other physical presentations that fit his age. He was additionally shown rudimentary useful abilities. At last, he assimilated scholarly preparing from story †telling, stories from neighborhood history of his kin, verse, maxims and enigmas. The learning encounters were made orally and the information was put away in the heads of older folks. The educators were deliberately chosen from the family or faction. Their assignment was to bestow information, aptitudes and mentalities to the youthful, casually at the instructive and commonsense levels. at the pedantic level the instructing procedure appeared as the narratives, legends, conundrums, and melodies; while at the down to earth level people sanctioned what they had realized didacticall

Atmospheric Circulation And More :: essays research papers

The worldwide vitality balance and barometrical movement primarily decide the dissemination of the world's air. There is a chain of importance of movement in barometrical flow. Each control can be separated into littler controlling elements. The worldwide vitality balance is an equivalent parity of short-wave radiation coming into the climate and long-wave radiation leaving the climate. This is called warm harmony. The earth is at warm harmony; be that as it may, there can have an excess or deficiency of vitality in parts of the warmth financial plan. On the off chance that you have a net radiation surplus warm air will rise, and a net radiation shortfall will make the air cool a fall. Air gets warmed at the equator in light of the entomb tropical assembly zone and ascends to the shafts. There the air is chilled and it coasts ease off to the equator where the procedure is rehashed. Another major contributing variable to the dissemination of the air is because of the subtropical highs. These highs like the ITCZ relocate during the various seasons. The romanticized belt model is an incredible portrayal of the general dissemination of the air. The tropical belt of variable breezes and quiets ranges from 5 degrees north to 5 degrees south. This breeze belt is portrayed by feeble breezes and low weight from the bury tropical combination zone. As you go further north or south you experience the Hadley Cells. Hadley cell dissemination is brought about by the development of high pressure from the scopes at 5 to 30 degrees north and 5 to 30 degrees south to low weight territories around the equator. The development of air from high strain to low weight causes combination. This combination creates the creation of wind. The winds that are delivered from this are the exchange winds. The breezes blow from a northwest heading in the northern side of the equator, and in the southern side of the equator the breezes blow from a southeast course. The exchange winds are the biggest breeze belt. The westerlies, they lie somewhere in the range of 35 and 60 degrees north and south scope. The breeze blows from the west , hence their name. The westerlies are in the Ferrell cell. Cold air from the polar districts tumbles down and afterward is warmed up and pushed upward with the westerlies. >From 65 to 90 degrees north and south untruth the polar easterlies. It exists due to the weight slope that is made by the temperatures.

7th Grade Narrative Essay Topics - Secrets Revealed

7th Grade Narrative Essay Topics - Secrets RevealedChoosing the right 7th grade narrative essay topics for the next academic year is a huge responsibility. You have to get it right and the stakes are very high, not only because of your own academic reputation but also because your chosen topic will be considered for selection for the writing test that will determine if you are a potential writer or not. If you fail to come up with topics that are worth your time and the time of your students, they may never want to read your work ever again.Fortunately, I can help you realize your full potential by giving you a variety of available options for your 7th grade narrative essay topics. Although there are some assignments that you cannot get away with choosing the wrong kind of essay topic, there are still plenty of excellent choices. Of course, every student and every assignment is different. But, what I can do for you is to show you the very best choices.The simple reason why this is so is that there are many, many ways to approach a topic. There are formal essay topics, those that are required in most classes and there are the ones that are meant to be fun and light-hearted. Yes, you have to have a clear idea about what you are supposed to write in order to successfully do so. You have to write an essay that will engage both your audience and yourself as well. If you do, it will be easier for you to come up with the appropriate narrative.Keep in mind that it is very important to take special care when selecting the essay topic. If you have too many choices, you will end up overwhelmed. For example, what is a good topic for a seven grader who has just moved to a new school?Or what would be a great homework assignment for a fifteen-year-old girl who is already going to graduate? What if the topic was fora middle school student who is going to enter the senior class? The list goes on.One thing is for sure. The things that you need to think about carefully are the to pics that a 7th grader will have to face during their sophomore year of high school. As you can imagine, what they are writing about in their junior year is likely to be very different from what they will be writing about in their senior year.One more thing to consider is that the writers that use these topics must be able to choose the topics that appeal to them the most. Some writers choose to write about the perfect subject matter, hoping that this will be the type of topic that will attract their readers. While this sounds great, this is the exact opposite of what it takes to have successful writing. You need to find the type of topic that will spark your readers to get excited about reading what you have to say.For this reason, I recommend that you begin by doing some research on your topic and choosing the writers that can best illustrate your writing skills. Then, once you know that what you want to write is well within your ability, then you can choose the writing style that will give you the highest success rate.

Questioning Strategies to Improve Understanding of Conic...

Introduction I chose to focus on how the use of questioning strategies in a whole class setting improves student understanding of conic sections because I struggle with using open-ended questioning. I see how â€Å"yes† and â€Å"no† questions do not usually cause students to think, since the answer to the question is often in the question. However, from my own experience as a teacher, simply asking an open-ended question about a new topic can cause frustration. If the students do not have any idea of how to answer the question, they simply stare and look confused. Even so, I do believe that open-ended questions can be very beneficial as an aid to learning if they are asked properly. Research Question How does the use of questioning strategies†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The question content determines the type of information that a teacher obtains about students’ thinking† (Manouchehri Lapp, 2003, p.564), and, of course, the purpose of the question must align with the learning goals. It is important to note that â€Å"Small modifications in the questions asked of students can furnish insights into students’ conceptual understanding of the computations and processes . . .† (Chappell Thompson, 1999, p.470). For instance, asking why an answer is correct gives more information about the student’s understanding than merely asking what the correct answer is. Using effective questioning is a skill developed over time and with experience. The more the teacher practices strategic questioning, the better the teacher will become at this skill. Before asking a question the educator should consider whether it actually needs to be answered, whether it will open up discussion, and whether it leads to the learning goals (Inspire, 2011). If it does none of these, the question does not need to be asked. Research Method This class was composed of 20 male and 8 female students. The ethnicities included Anglo, Latino, Black, and Asian. Figure 1 shows the distribution of ethnicity in this classroom, while Figure 2 shows the distribution for this school. By comparison of the class demographics to the school demographics, it is clear that a larger percentage

Term Papers on Sexual Orientation in Jail/Prison of LGBT People

Though LGBT (Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) prisoners face challenges which other prisoners face, sexual orientation, prejudice and gender identity makes the challenges to be more difficult for them. Other human rights violations faced by LGBT persons include: physical and mental integrity rights, freedom of association and that of expression, laws that are discriminating and application of laws in a discriminatory manner (Forsyth et al, 2002). Though most of the unique challenges that LGBT prisoners face have not received extensive litigation, those that have already been litigated might receive a significant change, if the Supreme Court makes a decision that is relatively still. It becomes hard to make a prediction of the claims outcomes. The combination of the unpredictability, transphobia and homophobia may interfere with the decisions that juries and judges make, meaning that, when LGBT prisoners bring their claims in court, they face so many challenges (Kupers, 2010). This makes most of the LGBT prisoners to contact LGBT impact litigation organizations in order to find out whether the organization’s lawyers would have the willingness to take their case especially if one wants to introduce new theories that are related to gender identity or sexual orientation (Haggerty, 2007). Transgender is a term that is used to refer to a broad spectrum of individuals who have different identity or lived experiences different to that which is typically associated with the one which is assigned when one is born (NCTE, 2011). It includes masculine women, cross dressers, feminine men, and persons experiencing intersex conditions, pre, post and non-operative transgendered people and persons who live partly or fully as a particular gender as opposed to what was assigned to them when they were born. Gender identity is a term that is used to describe the type of gender that one identifies as, be it the one assigned at birth or not (Haggerty, 2007). Discrimination and violence by both the government authorities and civilians against LGBT, has remained in most parts of the world. The accountability of the violence is directed to the perpetrators by the states, thus creating climate full of impunity (Smith, 2006). This is a violation of international standards of human rights, which call for the state to protect all its citizens’ human rights (Library Information and Research Service, 2006). Recent years have recorded violence patterns that include physical assault and murder that was particularly targeted to the gay and the transgender people in several countries. In most of the cases, the police did not bother to investigate, were complicit, or even did not hold the responsible ones accountable for their deeds (Smith, 2006). A double challenge that includes abuse and discrimination is faced by lesbians as a result of their sexual orientation and gender. Research done on correctional facilities on sexual abuse, has a consistent documentation that both women and men who are transgender individuals, those with heterosexual orientations and those with intersex conditions, have a high vulnerability to sexual abuse (NCTE, 2011). An example is a research done on Midwestern prisons sexual coercion, which documented that, LGBT inmates were represented in a disproportional manner among sexually victimized inmates’ subgroup. The gay and bisexual men were 26 percent among the victimized men and the lesbian and bisexual women were 38 percent amongst the women. According to a research done by BJS (Bureau of Justice Statistics), sexual abuse vulnerability, is associated with certain characteristics which include gender identity and sexual orientation. The BJS youth in Juvenile facilities survey documented that in five non heterosexual youth, more than one reported of being sexually victimized by a facility staff or another youth. Almost a l ikelihood of ten times was reported by non-heterosexual youth as compared to heterosexual youth, of sexual abuse while in custody, by other youth (12.5% vs. 1.3%). County jails adult inmates in the same study confirmed that, being of another sexual orientation which is not heterosexual, made sexual orientation to increase significantly (Scribd, 2011). In other studies, transgender girls and women, show a high vulnerability to sexual abuse. This is more so when they are kept in the same facilities with boys and men. A study carried out in 2007 by Evidence Based Corrections of University of California showed that, among transgender inmates, sexual assault has more prevalence, with reports of sexual assault being 59%.   The study showed that, there was a higher likelihood of transgender victims than other victims to have experienced sexual assault on more than one occasion. The findings bring out the conclusion that, transgender people while compared to other populations which are relatively vulnerable, are perilously situated (Haggerty, 2007). This concern has led to the Correctional Health Care National Commission and the American Psychological Association to issue statements that recognize that there is a higher risk of transgender inmates to be abused and hence they should be protected. When LGBT people are sexually abused, their basic human rights are violated, the government’s obligation constitutionally to provide confinement conditions that are humane and safe is violated, and the successful transition likelihood of giving back into the community is impeded (Robinson, 2011).   If the commission’s standards are implemented, the safety of the people has a potential to be improved, this includes the LGBT people, who have an involvement in the justice system. In order to fight sexual abuse among LGBT, the officials of correctional facilities should ensure that, a zero tolerance approach to any kind of sexual abuse is observed as well as clear protocols are put in place in order for an occurrence of sexual abuse to be responded to effectively (Forsyth et al, 2002). These provisions can be of more importance to LGBT individuals who are more vulnerable to sexual abuse since any reports they make of being sexually abused are treated with minimum seriousn ess as compared to those of non LGBT inmates and an appropriate response is not given (Smith, 2006). Correctional officials should also appropriately coordinate with outside entities, in order to promote reporting of such cases, investigation and sexual abuse prosecution in their facilities. When employees, contractors, volunteers and inmates are trained and educated, they get the knowledge of preventing, detecting and responding to sexual abuse incidents (Robinson, 2011). A well crafted and comprehensive training is important when it comes to fostering people to understand better, correct the misconceptions related to LGBT persons and assist staff and inmates with the right strategies in order to improve the safety of LGBT (Library Information and Research Service, 2006).   When training the staff, effective and professional communication strategies with inmates are important. Correctional facilities should also ensure that, screening for sexual victimization and abuse risk, as well as residents’ assessment and placement is done. This is to make sure that each person’s particular victimization risk is known by the facilities, and that every inmate’s genital status, or gender identity or sexual orientation, does not make the person to be more subjected to conditions that are more punitive (Human Rights Watch Stern, 2008). Due to high vulnerability of sexual abuse to LGBT inmates, there should be a bisexual sexual orientation or gay inclusion and gender nonconformance for instance, intersex identity or transgender in the male inmates screening criteria for victimization risk in adult jails and prisons (Robinson, 2011). Since during screening some of the LGBT individuals may opt not to reveal their gender identity and sexual orientation, the inmates’ vulnerability self perception in the female and male inmates screening should be included. Another importance of sexual victimization and abuse risk screening and residents assessment and placement, is to prohibit vulnerable segregation of inmates except on temporary basis or only as a last resort, and also the equal access requirement to services and programs, cannot receive more emphasis (Resnik, 1982). The specific requirement in sexual victimization and abuse risk screening is that LGBT and other inmates who are gender nonconforming should not be placed in specific units, facilities or wings on the sole basis of genital status, sexual orientation or gender identity. This will help in prevention of LGBT inmates’ segregation (Congress, 1998). The LGBT involuntary segregation and that of other inmates who are gender nonconforming, denies them the access they need to services, programs and the ability of moving around the facility in a manner that they are supposed to, and thus this leads to punishment. It is harmful and unjust to punish people as a resul t of their vulnerable status; it makes the LGBT inmates to be more biased and also gives a discouragement in receiving honest responses during question screening (Smith, 2006). Another way that officials in correctional facilities can beat LGBT sexual abuse is by addressing the reporting and official response standards (Scribd, 2011). The reasons why inmates refuse to report cases of sexual abuse are; they won’t be taken seriously, they might not be kept confidential, and/ or they won’t result in positive consequences which are tangible (Human Rights Watch, 2010).   For LGBT individuals, the above concerns are truer as they are presumed wrongly, as sexual abuse instigators and as persons who do not deserve credit from the assault reports. Investigations and discipline standards should also be introduced in order to ensure that all abuse allegations that include reports by anonymous or third party are investigated fully and that there is proper handling of substantiated allegations in the criminal and administrative proceedings. Perpetrators who normally target to abuse LGBT inmates most of the time act with impunity (Miller et al, 2010).The provision of the discipline and investigations standards will make it able for LGBT inmates’ sexual abuse cases to be treated with seriousness as any other sexual abuse would be. In order to assist staff’ identify the victimization risk of an inmate, health care both medically and mentally should be given (Loue, 2008). Mental and medical health care also protects inmates from burdens and financial incentives which are not due through ensuring that they receive for free, emergency, mental and medical health care. These provisions also ensure that victims’ responsive services are in the same level as those offered in the community. They are also important as LGBT inmates may be more comfortable while they tell a medical or a mental staff about a certain abuse or an abuse fear and hence the basic care level should be accessible to sexual abuse survivors in the community (Loue, 2008). In order to improve prevention, detection, practices, response policies and training, agencies should collect information and review it not leaving behind the incident based and the aggregate information (Resnik, 1982). The standards of data collection and review, help agencies to identify victimization patterns, learn from problems which have occurred in the past and improve LGBT protections and other inmates who are vulnerable. Due to the high risk of sexual abuse to LGBT inmates, they need to be given more supervision that would make them feel more protected other than punished (Miller et al, 2010). This is by observing them continuously by both sight and sound. Supervision does not mean camera over reliance but the use of cost effective and appropriate technology on the feasibility assessment and plan basis that accounts for the financial limitations of an individual’s jurisdictions’. Using this flexible approach is different to using local expertise and analysis therefore it would impose fewer expenses on facilities (Messinger Morrow, 2006). According to the survey conducted by BJS, most sexual abuse is conducted by the opposite sex staff members showing the need of minimizing the contact that inmates have   physically with the opposite sex staff.   Instead of limiting the cross gender supervision in every area that the inmates perform bodily functions or undress, actual viewing of the opposite gender inmates should be prohibited only exceptional to emergencies or in circumstances that are unforeseen or extraordinary (Human Rights Watch, 2010). This is contrary to some corrections officials concerns, as the requirements require low cost solutions, which do not require additional hiring and which abide to the employment law. The BJS study showed that cross gender sexual abuse by the staff, was high in men’s facilities and so its important to put these basic measures in both the men’s and women’s institutions as well. To avoid viewing inmates as they conduct their bodily duties, opposite gender off icials should make announcements before they make an entrance to the dormitory area (Messinger Morrow, 2006). Towels can also be provided for the inmates so that while in the toileting and showering areas, basic privacy can be allowed without security compromise.   While conducting intrusive searches which demand physical contact or bodily exposure, limitation to areas that act as contraband potential contact points, should be done. Staff should not be allowed to carry out pat searches anywhere in the facility but they should be done at the right places as this will reduce contraband confiscation (Human Rights Watch Stern, 2008). When the cross gender basic limitations of viewing and searching are observed, the LGBT inmates and other inmates who are vulnerable are protected from sexual abuse by staff. Since the corrections culture is pervaded by transphobia and homophobia, it is good to conduct outside review (Kupers, 2010). This is vital in LGBT inmates and residents protection.   A sound oversight that is done by an independent entity that is qualified can identify the problems which are systemic at the same time offering solutions which are effective (Congress, 1998). When the oversight monitoring is done in a proper manner, a facility’s safety credible objective assessment can be provided; this is by problems identification which may be apparently ready to an independent monitor as compared to an official who works in the detention system. In case the systems do not meet the required standards, then they are held accountable; another advantage of having outside monitoring (Human Rights Watch, 2010). It is also important to have judicial oversight. In case the officials do fail the LGBT inmates’ protection from being sexually abused, the victims should be able t o access the judiciary without facing the procedural and unrealistic requirements barriers (Smith, 2006). Every individual whether LGBT or straight has his or her own human rights. The state should therefore look into these rights to avoid violation. References Congress. (1998). Congressional Record, V. 144, Pt. 13, July 31, 1998 to September 8, 1998. Washington D.C, DC: Government Printing Office. Forsyth, C. J., Evans, R. D., Foster, D. B. (2002). An Analysis of Inmate Explanations for Lesbian Relationships in Prison. Retrieved from http://www.yorku.ca/irjs/Archives/F20/F204.pdf on July 22. Haggerty, G. E. (2007). A companion to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer studies. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons. Human Rights Watch (Organization)., Stern Jessica.(2008). These everyday humiliations: violence against lesbians, bisexual women, and transgender men in Kyrgyzstan. Washington D.C, DC: Human Rights Watch. Human Rights Watch. (2010). World Report 2011: United States. Retrieved from http://www.hrw.org/en/world-report-2011/united-states on July 22. Kupers, T. A. (2010). The Role of Misogyny and Homophobia in prison Sexual Abuse. 18 UCLA Women’s L. J. Vol.107. Library Information and Research Service. (2006). The Middle East, abstracts and index, Part 4. Northumberland, PA: Northumberland Press. Loue, S. (2008). Health issues confronting minority men who have sex with men. Columbus, GA: Springer.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Messinger, L., Morrow, D. F. (2006). Case studies on sexual orientation and gender expression in social work practice. New York, NY: Columbia University Press. Miller, A. M., Rose man, M. J., Friedman, C. (2010). Sexual Health and Human Rights: United States Canada. Retrieved from http://www.ichrp.org/files/papers/178/140_Miller_Roseman_Friedman_uscan_2010.pdf on July 22. NCTE. (2011). Advancing Transgender Equality. Retrieved from http://transgenderequality.wordpress.com/   on July 22. Resnik, J. (1982). Women’s Prisons and Men’s Prisons. Should prisoners be classified by sex? Review of Policy Research. Volume 2, Issue 2, 246-252, November 1982. Robinson, R. K. (2011). Masculinity as Prison: Race, Sexual Identity and Incarceration. Retrieved from http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=vq=cache:eeM-s7ahzYIJ:www.law.yale.edu/documents/pdf/Intellectual_Life/Liman_Workshop_Spring_2011_Syllabus_Updated_4_25_11.pdf+masculinity+as+prison:+racesexual+identity+and+incarceration+by+Russellhl=engl=kepid=blsrcid=ADGEESiY7-3k2N7SPLClZdt0EytlGv-W8wvYtrmTAWHOlTnPJ6ZlEJdLSjX0RO9QlThQYEehgKhB9QxFZuf4c8nCBMfKyCVizUwnvfiQYofmcWzi-T5rSk9u81Y33ssS_Am4yKU7owrWsig=AHIEtbTyfu3TSHfCawKjPrCkTMPqGaBWvw on July 22. Scribd. (2011). National Standards To Prevent, Detect, and Respond to Prison Rape.  https://www.scribd.com/document/54225566/National-Standards-To-Prevent-Detect-and-Respond-to-Prison-Rape on July 22. Smith, B. V. (2006). Rethinking Prison Sex: Self Expression and Safety. Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 15, p. 185.

APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants

APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants [Supersedes APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (Issued in June 2006 and subsequently amended in February 2008)] ISSUED: December 2010 Copyright  © 2010 Accounting Professional Ethical Standards Board Limited (â€Å"APESB†). All rights reserved. Apart from fair dealing for the purpose of study, research, criticism and review as permitted by the Copyright Act 1968, no part of these materials may be reproduced, modified, or reused or redistributed for any commercial purpose, or distributed to a third party for any such purpose, without the prior written permission of APESB. Any permitted reproduction including fair dealing must acknowledge APESB as the source of any such†¦show more content†¦23 [AUST] PREFACE: SECTIONS 290 AND 291 ................................................................ 40 PART C: MEMBERS IN BUSINESS ............................................................................ 120 TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS .................................................................................... 132 CONFORMITY WITH INTERNATIONAL PRONOUNCEMENTS ........................... 133 2 1 1.1 SCOPE AND APPLICATION Accounting Professional Ethical Standards Board Limited (APESB) issues APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (this Code). This Code is operative from 1 July 2011 and supersedes APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (issued in June 2006 and subsequently amended in February 2008). Earlier adoption of this Code is permitted. Transitional provisions relating to Public Interest Entities, partner rotation, non-assurance services, Fees – relative size, compensation and evaluation policies apply from the date specified in the respective transitional provisions (refer page 132). All Members in Australia shall comply with APES 110 including when providing Professional Services in an honorary capacity. All Members practicing outside of Australia shall comply with APES 110 to the extent to which they are not prevented from so doing by specific requirements of local laws and/or regulations. This Code is not intended to detract from any r esponsibilities which may be imposed by law orShow MoreRelatedThe Issue The Categories Of Threat May Affect Auditor Independence1545 Words   |  7 Pagespressure† (CPA 2013). Application APES 110, of protection measures Para 290,169 recognizes the need for dialogue between the auditor and the client on the types of issues. However, answering questions in speech can quickly escalate from a simple dialogue into action. Counsel and can make decisions for clients. Safeguard measures should be taken to prevent the auditor from being responsible for management when providing advice APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (Para 290,170) (CPA 2013)Read MoreQuestions On Positive Accounting Theory Essay1479 Words   |  6 Pagescase. Because they work on the policy that ‘No win No fees’ 2) VGI research on the firm shows that they are interested to buy larger firm to meet the share market appetite for growth and examination of UK government shows that Quindell sold its professional services to Slater and Gordon for $1.3 billion and both Slater and Quindell have been criticised for forceful accounting practices. This will result in fall in share price of the company 3) Firm interest of buying another law firm also responsibleRead MoreThe Ethical Guidelines Provided By The Cima Provides Different Conflict Resolutions1143 Words   |  5 Pageshappen. The CIMA provides a meeting or session with the right person within their organization or even a board of directors or an audit committee if needed. It also provides advice from a relevant professional figure or a legal advisor without breaching the fundamental principles of confidentiality. The Code of Ethical Conduct of the IMA provides these following conflict resolutions for organizations with conflicts in policies and resolutions. The organizations should approach their immediate supervisorsRead MoreCustomer Profitability Analysis Of Argos Ltd1108 Words   |  5 Pagesestimate the cost and budgets. A discussion about code of Ethics is also included within it, customers are the vital part of the organization and without them no organization can run their business so a code of ethics is maintained for the standard creation between company, customers and various other intermediaries.code of ethics maintain that discipline which allow everyone to go through the right ways and follow the rules, otherwise breach of code of ethics will be penalised. Table ofRead MoreCost Accounting and Decision Making Essay822 Words   |  4 PagesCONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION; ETHICS Page 1 Recommendation Page.3 Executive summary Page.4 Introduction Page.5 Analysis Page.6 Recommendations and conclusion Page.7 Appendix 1 – Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants Page.8 References Page.9 Page 2 Recommendation Erin should notify Smart Worx of the postponement as it is consistent with ethical principles of integrity and professional competence. As Erin isRead MoreA Report On Auditor Independence1363 Words   |  6 PagesAudit Independence Assessment Item 02 –Q1 Author- I U Amarasiriwardhana Abstract This report discusses importance of auditor independence nowadays and how statutory, regulatory code of ethics has been involved in enhancing it and how non-audit services impair the independence of auditors. Table of contents 1.0 Introduction 2.0 Why Independence Important for auditors 3.0 How enhanced auditors independence 4.0 Non-audit services provided by the auditor to their audit client. 5.0 What are the arrangementsRead MoreAuditing Assignment1425 Words   |  6 PagesAYB 301 Audit Assurance ------------------------------------------------- Group Ethics Project ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Semester 1, 2015 ------------------------------------------------- Total Word Count: 1250 ------------------------------------------------- This case study will analyse the ethical dilemmas faced by David, audit manager at C A who is hired to do the financial year-end audit for MAL. TheRead MoreThe Failure Of The External Audit Function2628 Words   |  11 Pagesbasic services. This development carried their culture toward profit maximization and cost efficiency, they started to operate similar to every other business where competition and customer satisfaction and retention are paramount. Business ethics, individual ethics, and public interest orientation were declining to a certain extent due to the pressure caused by the previously mentioned financial orientation. The circle of people including the auditors knew or should have known that Enron’s glitteringRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Professional Code Of Ethics1222 Words   |  5 Pagessection of the Professional Code of Ethics. Lastly, under each company review, I will also propose necessary recommendations in order for Reliableaudits Co. to safeguard agains t potential independence threats that have been identified. 1. Jatbulla Ltd. This case has two threat, self-interest threat and self-review threat. Self-interest refers to the possible threat when an accountant or its staff has a financial benefit to the audit client (Campbell et al., 2013).In section 200.4 of APES 110, The firmRead MoreThe Audit Of Financial Statements1267 Words   |  6 Pagesindependence of an auditor include self-review, advocacy, familiarity, self-interest and intimidation threat (holtzman, 2012). According to the APES 110 all the members must comply with the Code of ethics for professional accountants. Non-compliance therefore, can lead to disciplinary actions taken by the professional body to which the members belong (Accountant, 2014). For this reason, the paper attempts to find out how and why the independence of an auditor is so much important for the objectivity

Operation Management of Tesla-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Operation Management of Tesla. Answer: Introduction: Tesla was seen to be founded in the year 2003 by a group of engineers, with main motive to manufacture cars based on electric technology. The companys vision further includes proving that their technology has been seen to be better that the gasoline cars. In the recent time, Tesla is involved is involved in manufacturing not only the all-electric vehicles but is also able to build storage products for scalable clean energy generation. The fist launch of the product has been seen in terms of launching of Roadster in 2008. Post launch of this vehicle the company has been able to be the first in manufacturing the premium all-electric sedan from Model S. The main production unit of the company has been further seen to be based on Fremont factory in California .in this particular location the company also manufactures majority of the vehicles components (Tesla.com, 2017). On March 31, 2016, the new lower priced model 3 of Tesla electric car has been seen with total customer order of 276,000 over the weekend. However, previous Model X has struggled with due to the various types of the associated issue related to the production in terms complex combination of mechanical and computer software problems. The consumer reports have further recommended that they should avoid new cars in their first year of production. The report aims to show the various aspects to refute such recommendations. This has been further able to recommend the various types of the considerations which have been seen to be based on designing of service process new Model 3. The report has been further able to suggest the various types the considerations for Tesla relative to ensuring the quality of their new Model 3 car. Recommendations to refute avoiding new cars in their first year of production The consumer reports have been seen to test the reliability of the services provided by a particular model of the based on series of questionnaire. The questionnaires asked to the consumer are sent to the associated subscribers. The main consideration made in the questionnaire has been further seen to be based on the incidences which have taken place in the last 12 months. These subscribers have been asked to identify the problems relating to issue such as cost, failure, safety, or downtime. The total number of the surveys has been further seen to be ranging from a total number of 200 to 400 samples for each model year (Consumerreports.org, 2017). Based on the consideration made in the previous consumer survey reports tit has been seen to be discerned that it is recommended that the consumers should avoid buying of the new cars in their first year of production. Some of the main recommendations to refute this have been seen with the following considerations: Improving the RMA or RGA services- The recent issues with Model X including mechanical fault such with falcon wing doors and latch on the third-row seat cannot be overlooked and Tesla needs to take appropriate actions to address the same. Return merchandise authorization (RMA) or Return goods authorization (RGA), it that part of the operations management which ensures that the product ordered is eligible to receive a replacement, refund, or repair during the product's warranty period. Tesla should allow the consumers to contact the manufacturer or distributor to receive the authorization to return any part which has been identified to be faulty. The company can seek to improve the existing RMA and RGA services by ensuring that the consumers are able to get these services receive free of cost for the assigned warranty period of Model 3. Some of the other considerations need to be made in terms of the various types of the services which are seen to be associated to the manufacturing pr ocess itself. This will be able to ensure that the products will be replaced even before the reaching the consumers. This can be done during the final testing of the products and ensure that the new cars are not equipped with any faulty equipments (Calvi et al., 2015). Improving the Return to vendor (RTV) services - The company needs to further ensure that specific steps needs to be taken in terms of the various types of the considerations which are seen to be related to the process of returning the goods to the original vendor of the products rather than sending the same to the associated distributor of the products. Tesla needs to particularly reduce the various types of the process which are related to the returning of the original goods to the original vendor rather distributor. The end consumers should be allowed to book the various types of the service which are seen to be related to the booking of RTV services. The company needs to ensure that in incidence of any failure of parts of the car a service deliver agent is able to pick the car from the destination of the user and it needs to en further ensured that the associated faults due to the manufactured process needs to be resolved free of cost (Heizer, 2016). Effective warranty services In order to refute the recommendation based on the Model X of the company it needs to ensure that the warranty services are best on compare to the competitors. It has been further discerned that the various types of the cost incurred to provide the after sales service will result in increasing customer loyalty and more consumer will look forward to invest in the new model of Tesla. Treat the Situation with Urgency- The Company needs to solve the various types to the previous issues which are seen to be associated the faults of the production in the previous Model X. It needs to further ensure that the different types the service provided by Tesla is delivered with utmost testing and reliability. The company needs to focus on the improvement of the quality of the consumer survey and be able to deliver the most reliable product with efficient design (Slack, 2015). Have a Positive Attitude- Tesla should look forward to regain the trust of the consumers not only by the process of the adding exclusive features to the new model but to ensure that Model 3, will be one of the best in its class. It needs to regain the faith of consumers, by ensuring that the new model of the car will be completely different in terms of reliability than its predecessors (Dow Dow, 2016). Managing the delivery of the new Model 3 during the initial production ramp up It has been seen that Tesla has been able to share the various types of information which are seen to be related to the delivery of the new Model 3 during the initial production ramp up. Tesla should set a target of 20,000 consumers in December. Tesla should take reviews from the customers for its first 30 orders of Model 3. It needs to further aim to produce 100 and further increase this to 1,500 in September. As the company has been seen to launch a total of 25,051 vehicles in the first quarter, it should double up the distribution process in the second quarter (Hull, 2017). The main geographic locations selected to deliver the products in Europe and North America. For the delivery of the efficient service the company needs to consider the partners which are seen in terms of the position of the new cars in the market. Tesla is having more than 30000 of them including long working in the factory located at Fremont. The models of the car have been shown off with 5,000 cars per week and the company should further consider 10000 cars in 2018 (Greentechmedia.com, 2017). The company needs to further select the various types of the value chain partners which are seen to be based on the component, partners and the various types of the other regulators. The enabling process of the company has been also seen to be based on the vehicle testing process, using of big data and testing of the testing of the battery in the Nevada plant. The core process of the company has been further seen to be based on the various types of the process like using the appropriate manufacturing and the assembling software, electric car and the precise technological knowledge. The customer service has been based on the customer brand evangelists, direct sales from the customer. The delivery service of Tesla can further take into consideration free charging stations. Some of the distribution channel of the company may include both online and retail store. The various types of the promotion done on the online sites and retail stores are considered as per the promotional strategies . The customer segment of the company has been further seen to be distributed based on the high end retail stores. The service process for the cost structure of the company needs to further consider the various types of the factors such as manufacturing, engineering, technology, real estate, maintenance and engineering salaries. The various channels of the revenue streams of the company have been further seen in from of sales of cars and partnerships. The position of the stores of the company in the designated geographical areas should be further based on the stores which are located in the high foot traffic with high visibility such as malls and shopping streets where the people are seen to visit on regular basis. This particular aspect will further allow the company to interact with the various types of potential consumers and it will be further able to learn about customer buying behavior. Tesla needs to further take various initiatives to train product specialists so that the consumers will be able to buy the relevant sub model under Model 3. Some of the main features which Tesla needs to ensure during the launch of the product has been seen in terms of ensuring the facilitation of the features such as auto steer, auto parallel parking, sun roof, superfast charging, Level 3 fast charging and facilities such as vehicle to grid capability. Some of the main consideration during the delivery process needs to further consider based on the facilities such as free car rental for 3 weeks every year, preheating/ pre-cooling app. Figure: Service process model for Model 3 (Source: Slack, 2015) Other suggestions for Tesla relative to ensuring the quality of their new Model 3 car The company should consider the various types of flaws in the Model X as a hard lesson in the manufacturing process of Model 3. The Model 3 should build procedure should follow simpler specification that it was present in the Model X of the ultra-luxury offerings. Tesla should consider releasing of the details associated to technical specifications, financing options and interior design options. The company should ensure that the company is able to publish sufficient details about the product so that the customer loyalty has been ensured. Some of the main form of the other consideration taken by Tesla needs to be implemented based on the refundable deposits. The company has been already seen to considering total refundable deposits of 400000; however it needs to ensure that the people are placed in the first line to buy the vehicles. Hence due to the immensely high number of the orders, Tesla should consider deliver cars to customers on a first-come-first-served basis (i.e., in the o rder of when deposits were placed) (USA TODAY, 2017). The company needs to further take into consideration that the first-come-first-served basis of scheduling. This type of service is seen to be based on attending the orders based on the arrivals without the individual preferences. By following a first-come-first-served basis of scheduling the company will be further able to ensure that the customers are able to get an equal opportunity in the delivery of the desired services. The company will be able to ensure that the various types of the delivery of the service also seen with utmost fairness. This particular strategy needs to further employ in the sales orders, in determining restaurant seating and of course the vehicle orders. It has been further considered that the scheduling of the services has been further seen to be based on the different types services associated to the pre-booking of the products. The various types of the considerations made in terms of the after sales service of the adoption of the RMA services should be sim ilarly considered on First cum first serve basis. The important aspect of the services has been further seen to be base on the various types the factors which has been take into consideration made with insurance of the vehicles. The company should take the initiative of to inform the customers of the insurance option from the time of purchasing (Krajewski et al., 2013). In order to ensure the more reliability in the manufactured products, the company needs to ensure the adoption of six sigma technique. The maturity of the manufacturing process based on six-sigma approach will be able to ensure that the manufacturing process is seen with 99.99966% in terms of the al the opportunities of the produce to be defect free in nature. The continuous integration of the six sigma will be able to ensure the continuous effort to achieve a predictable and stable measure in reduce the variation in the manufacturing method. Hence, the company will be able to deliver highest quality to the customers (Pyzdek Keller, 2014). Conclusion The study has been able to focus on the feedbacks of previous consumer survey reports of Model X and suggest the various types the considerations for Tesla relative to ensuring the quality of their new Model 3 car. The main form of the recommendation to refute avoiding new cars in their first year of production of the cars has been seen to be based on the Improving the RMA or RGA services. This has been identified as the recent issues with Model X including mechanical fault such with falcon wing doors and latch on the third-row seat cannot be overlooked and Tesla needs to take appropriate actions to address the same. Return merchandise authorization (RMA) or Return goods authorization (RGA). Tesla needs to further ensure that specific steps need to be taken in terms of the various types of the considerations which are seen to be related to the process of returning the goods to the original vendor of the products rather than sending the same to the associated distributor of the produc ts. For managing the delivery of the Model 3, the company needs to take reviews from the customers for its first 30 orders of Model 3. It needs to further aim to produce 100 and further increase this to 1,500 in September. As the company has been seen to launch a total of 25,051 vehicles in the first quarter, it should double up the distribution process in the second quarter. It has been further seen that the company should adopt first cum first serve service for the order and maintain quality aspect with the adoption of Six Sigma. References About Tesla | Tesla. (2017).Tesla.com. Retrieved 10 August 2017, from https://www.tesla.com/about Calvi, K., Chung, S. H., Havens, R., Srihari, K., Economou, M., Kulkarni, R. (2015, January). A Simulation-based Optimization Study in Return Merchandise Authorization Processes. InIIE Annual Conference. Proceedings(p. 2011). Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers (IISE). Chiefinnovator.com. (2017).Retrieved 10 August 2017, from https://www.chiefinnovator.com/sites/chiefinnovator.com/files/tesla-bma.jpg Dow, J., Dow, J. (2016).Tesla Model S re-earns Consumer Reports recommendation on improved reliability.Electrek. Retrieved 10 August 2017, from https://electrek.co/2016/10/24/tesla-model-s-re-earns-consumer-reports-recommendation-on-improved-reliability/ Greentechmedia.com. (2017).Teslas Highly Anticipated Model 3 Just Entered Production Hell. [online] Available at: https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/tesla-model-3-production-hell-elon-musk-ev [Accessed 10 Aug. 2017]. Heizer, J. (2016).Operations Management, 11/e. Pearson Education India. Hull, M. (2017).Elon Musk's 15-Year Quest Gets the Green Light.Bloomberg.com. Retrieved 10 August 2017, from https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-07-03/tesla-ceo-musk-says-model-3-passes-all-regulatory-requirements Krajewski, L. J., Ritzman, L. P., Malhotra, M. K. (2013).Operations management: processes and supply chains(Vol. 1). New York, NY: Pearson. Pyzdek, T., Keller, P. A. (2014).The six sigma handbook(p. 25). New York: McGraw-Hill Education. Slack, N. (2015).Operations strategy. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Tesla Model 3 Reliability - Consumer Reports. (2017).Consumerreports.org. Retrieved 10 August 2017, from https://www.consumerreports.org/cars/tesla/model-3/2017/reliability Tesla Model 3: Should you buy Elon Musk's first mass-market electric car?. (2017).USA TODAY. Retrieved 10 August 2017, from https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/cars/2017/07/17/tesla-model-3/471938001/ Teslas Highly Anticipated Model 3 Just Entered Production Hell. (2017).Greentechmedia.com. Retrieved 10 August 2017, from https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/tesla-model-3-production-hell-elon-musk-ev USA TODAY. (2017).Tesla Model 3: Should you buy Elon Musk's first mass-market electric car?. [online] Available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/cars/2017/07/17/tesla-model-3/471938001/ [Accessed 10 Aug. 2017].