Term Papers on Sexual Orientation in Jail/Prison of LGBT People

Though LGBT (Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) prisoners face challenges which other prisoners face, sexual orientation, prejudice and gender identity makes the challenges to be more difficult for them. Other human rights violations faced by LGBT persons include: physical and mental integrity rights, freedom of association and that of expression, laws that are discriminating and application of laws in a discriminatory manner (Forsyth et al, 2002). Though most of the unique challenges that LGBT prisoners face have not received extensive litigation, those that have already been litigated might receive a significant change, if the Supreme Court makes a decision that is relatively still. It becomes hard to make a prediction of the claims outcomes. The combination of the unpredictability, transphobia and homophobia may interfere with the decisions that juries and judges make, meaning that, when LGBT prisoners bring their claims in court, they face so many challenges (Kupers, 2010). This makes most of the LGBT prisoners to contact LGBT impact litigation organizations in order to find out whether the organization’s lawyers would have the willingness to take their case especially if one wants to introduce new theories that are related to gender identity or sexual orientation (Haggerty, 2007). Transgender is a term that is used to refer to a broad spectrum of individuals who have different identity or lived experiences different to that which is typically associated with the one which is assigned when one is born (NCTE, 2011). It includes masculine women, cross dressers, feminine men, and persons experiencing intersex conditions, pre, post and non-operative transgendered people and persons who live partly or fully as a particular gender as opposed to what was assigned to them when they were born. Gender identity is a term that is used to describe the type of gender that one identifies as, be it the one assigned at birth or not (Haggerty, 2007). Discrimination and violence by both the government authorities and civilians against LGBT, has remained in most parts of the world. The accountability of the violence is directed to the perpetrators by the states, thus creating climate full of impunity (Smith, 2006). This is a violation of international standards of human rights, which call for the state to protect all its citizens’ human rights (Library Information and Research Service, 2006). Recent years have recorded violence patterns that include physical assault and murder that was particularly targeted to the gay and the transgender people in several countries. In most of the cases, the police did not bother to investigate, were complicit, or even did not hold the responsible ones accountable for their deeds (Smith, 2006). A double challenge that includes abuse and discrimination is faced by lesbians as a result of their sexual orientation and gender. Research done on correctional facilities on sexual abuse, has a consistent documentation that both women and men who are transgender individuals, those with heterosexual orientations and those with intersex conditions, have a high vulnerability to sexual abuse (NCTE, 2011). An example is a research done on Midwestern prisons sexual coercion, which documented that, LGBT inmates were represented in a disproportional manner among sexually victimized inmates’ subgroup. The gay and bisexual men were 26 percent among the victimized men and the lesbian and bisexual women were 38 percent amongst the women. According to a research done by BJS (Bureau of Justice Statistics), sexual abuse vulnerability, is associated with certain characteristics which include gender identity and sexual orientation. The BJS youth in Juvenile facilities survey documented that in five non heterosexual youth, more than one reported of being sexually victimized by a facility staff or another youth. Almost a l ikelihood of ten times was reported by non-heterosexual youth as compared to heterosexual youth, of sexual abuse while in custody, by other youth (12.5% vs. 1.3%). County jails adult inmates in the same study confirmed that, being of another sexual orientation which is not heterosexual, made sexual orientation to increase significantly (Scribd, 2011). In other studies, transgender girls and women, show a high vulnerability to sexual abuse. This is more so when they are kept in the same facilities with boys and men. A study carried out in 2007 by Evidence Based Corrections of University of California showed that, among transgender inmates, sexual assault has more prevalence, with reports of sexual assault being 59%.   The study showed that, there was a higher likelihood of transgender victims than other victims to have experienced sexual assault on more than one occasion. The findings bring out the conclusion that, transgender people while compared to other populations which are relatively vulnerable, are perilously situated (Haggerty, 2007). This concern has led to the Correctional Health Care National Commission and the American Psychological Association to issue statements that recognize that there is a higher risk of transgender inmates to be abused and hence they should be protected. When LGBT people are sexually abused, their basic human rights are violated, the government’s obligation constitutionally to provide confinement conditions that are humane and safe is violated, and the successful transition likelihood of giving back into the community is impeded (Robinson, 2011).   If the commission’s standards are implemented, the safety of the people has a potential to be improved, this includes the LGBT people, who have an involvement in the justice system. In order to fight sexual abuse among LGBT, the officials of correctional facilities should ensure that, a zero tolerance approach to any kind of sexual abuse is observed as well as clear protocols are put in place in order for an occurrence of sexual abuse to be responded to effectively (Forsyth et al, 2002). These provisions can be of more importance to LGBT individuals who are more vulnerable to sexual abuse since any reports they make of being sexually abused are treated with minimum seriousn ess as compared to those of non LGBT inmates and an appropriate response is not given (Smith, 2006). Correctional officials should also appropriately coordinate with outside entities, in order to promote reporting of such cases, investigation and sexual abuse prosecution in their facilities. When employees, contractors, volunteers and inmates are trained and educated, they get the knowledge of preventing, detecting and responding to sexual abuse incidents (Robinson, 2011). A well crafted and comprehensive training is important when it comes to fostering people to understand better, correct the misconceptions related to LGBT persons and assist staff and inmates with the right strategies in order to improve the safety of LGBT (Library Information and Research Service, 2006).   When training the staff, effective and professional communication strategies with inmates are important. Correctional facilities should also ensure that, screening for sexual victimization and abuse risk, as well as residents’ assessment and placement is done. This is to make sure that each person’s particular victimization risk is known by the facilities, and that every inmate’s genital status, or gender identity or sexual orientation, does not make the person to be more subjected to conditions that are more punitive (Human Rights Watch Stern, 2008). Due to high vulnerability of sexual abuse to LGBT inmates, there should be a bisexual sexual orientation or gay inclusion and gender nonconformance for instance, intersex identity or transgender in the male inmates screening criteria for victimization risk in adult jails and prisons (Robinson, 2011). Since during screening some of the LGBT individuals may opt not to reveal their gender identity and sexual orientation, the inmates’ vulnerability self perception in the female and male inmates screening should be included. Another importance of sexual victimization and abuse risk screening and residents assessment and placement, is to prohibit vulnerable segregation of inmates except on temporary basis or only as a last resort, and also the equal access requirement to services and programs, cannot receive more emphasis (Resnik, 1982). The specific requirement in sexual victimization and abuse risk screening is that LGBT and other inmates who are gender nonconforming should not be placed in specific units, facilities or wings on the sole basis of genital status, sexual orientation or gender identity. This will help in prevention of LGBT inmates’ segregation (Congress, 1998). The LGBT involuntary segregation and that of other inmates who are gender nonconforming, denies them the access they need to services, programs and the ability of moving around the facility in a manner that they are supposed to, and thus this leads to punishment. It is harmful and unjust to punish people as a resul t of their vulnerable status; it makes the LGBT inmates to be more biased and also gives a discouragement in receiving honest responses during question screening (Smith, 2006). Another way that officials in correctional facilities can beat LGBT sexual abuse is by addressing the reporting and official response standards (Scribd, 2011). The reasons why inmates refuse to report cases of sexual abuse are; they won’t be taken seriously, they might not be kept confidential, and/ or they won’t result in positive consequences which are tangible (Human Rights Watch, 2010).   For LGBT individuals, the above concerns are truer as they are presumed wrongly, as sexual abuse instigators and as persons who do not deserve credit from the assault reports. Investigations and discipline standards should also be introduced in order to ensure that all abuse allegations that include reports by anonymous or third party are investigated fully and that there is proper handling of substantiated allegations in the criminal and administrative proceedings. Perpetrators who normally target to abuse LGBT inmates most of the time act with impunity (Miller et al, 2010).The provision of the discipline and investigations standards will make it able for LGBT inmates’ sexual abuse cases to be treated with seriousness as any other sexual abuse would be. In order to assist staff’ identify the victimization risk of an inmate, health care both medically and mentally should be given (Loue, 2008). Mental and medical health care also protects inmates from burdens and financial incentives which are not due through ensuring that they receive for free, emergency, mental and medical health care. These provisions also ensure that victims’ responsive services are in the same level as those offered in the community. They are also important as LGBT inmates may be more comfortable while they tell a medical or a mental staff about a certain abuse or an abuse fear and hence the basic care level should be accessible to sexual abuse survivors in the community (Loue, 2008). In order to improve prevention, detection, practices, response policies and training, agencies should collect information and review it not leaving behind the incident based and the aggregate information (Resnik, 1982). The standards of data collection and review, help agencies to identify victimization patterns, learn from problems which have occurred in the past and improve LGBT protections and other inmates who are vulnerable. Due to the high risk of sexual abuse to LGBT inmates, they need to be given more supervision that would make them feel more protected other than punished (Miller et al, 2010). This is by observing them continuously by both sight and sound. Supervision does not mean camera over reliance but the use of cost effective and appropriate technology on the feasibility assessment and plan basis that accounts for the financial limitations of an individual’s jurisdictions’. Using this flexible approach is different to using local expertise and analysis therefore it would impose fewer expenses on facilities (Messinger Morrow, 2006). According to the survey conducted by BJS, most sexual abuse is conducted by the opposite sex staff members showing the need of minimizing the contact that inmates have   physically with the opposite sex staff.   Instead of limiting the cross gender supervision in every area that the inmates perform bodily functions or undress, actual viewing of the opposite gender inmates should be prohibited only exceptional to emergencies or in circumstances that are unforeseen or extraordinary (Human Rights Watch, 2010). This is contrary to some corrections officials concerns, as the requirements require low cost solutions, which do not require additional hiring and which abide to the employment law. The BJS study showed that cross gender sexual abuse by the staff, was high in men’s facilities and so its important to put these basic measures in both the men’s and women’s institutions as well. To avoid viewing inmates as they conduct their bodily duties, opposite gender off icials should make announcements before they make an entrance to the dormitory area (Messinger Morrow, 2006). Towels can also be provided for the inmates so that while in the toileting and showering areas, basic privacy can be allowed without security compromise.   While conducting intrusive searches which demand physical contact or bodily exposure, limitation to areas that act as contraband potential contact points, should be done. Staff should not be allowed to carry out pat searches anywhere in the facility but they should be done at the right places as this will reduce contraband confiscation (Human Rights Watch Stern, 2008). When the cross gender basic limitations of viewing and searching are observed, the LGBT inmates and other inmates who are vulnerable are protected from sexual abuse by staff. Since the corrections culture is pervaded by transphobia and homophobia, it is good to conduct outside review (Kupers, 2010). This is vital in LGBT inmates and residents protection.   A sound oversight that is done by an independent entity that is qualified can identify the problems which are systemic at the same time offering solutions which are effective (Congress, 1998). When the oversight monitoring is done in a proper manner, a facility’s safety credible objective assessment can be provided; this is by problems identification which may be apparently ready to an independent monitor as compared to an official who works in the detention system. In case the systems do not meet the required standards, then they are held accountable; another advantage of having outside monitoring (Human Rights Watch, 2010). It is also important to have judicial oversight. In case the officials do fail the LGBT inmates’ protection from being sexually abused, the victims should be able t o access the judiciary without facing the procedural and unrealistic requirements barriers (Smith, 2006). Every individual whether LGBT or straight has his or her own human rights. The state should therefore look into these rights to avoid violation. References Congress. (1998). Congressional Record, V. 144, Pt. 13, July 31, 1998 to September 8, 1998. Washington D.C, DC: Government Printing Office. Forsyth, C. J., Evans, R. D., Foster, D. B. (2002). An Analysis of Inmate Explanations for Lesbian Relationships in Prison. Retrieved from http://www.yorku.ca/irjs/Archives/F20/F204.pdf on July 22. Haggerty, G. E. (2007). A companion to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer studies. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons. Human Rights Watch (Organization)., Stern Jessica.(2008). These everyday humiliations: violence against lesbians, bisexual women, and transgender men in Kyrgyzstan. Washington D.C, DC: Human Rights Watch. Human Rights Watch. (2010). World Report 2011: United States. Retrieved from http://www.hrw.org/en/world-report-2011/united-states on July 22. Kupers, T. A. (2010). The Role of Misogyny and Homophobia in prison Sexual Abuse. 18 UCLA Women’s L. J. Vol.107. Library Information and Research Service. (2006). The Middle East, abstracts and index, Part 4. Northumberland, PA: Northumberland Press. Loue, S. (2008). Health issues confronting minority men who have sex with men. Columbus, GA: Springer.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Messinger, L., Morrow, D. F. (2006). Case studies on sexual orientation and gender expression in social work practice. New York, NY: Columbia University Press. Miller, A. M., Rose man, M. J., Friedman, C. (2010). Sexual Health and Human Rights: United States Canada. Retrieved from http://www.ichrp.org/files/papers/178/140_Miller_Roseman_Friedman_uscan_2010.pdf on July 22. NCTE. (2011). Advancing Transgender Equality. Retrieved from http://transgenderequality.wordpress.com/   on July 22. Resnik, J. (1982). Women’s Prisons and Men’s Prisons. Should prisoners be classified by sex? Review of Policy Research. Volume 2, Issue 2, 246-252, November 1982. Robinson, R. K. (2011). Masculinity as Prison: Race, Sexual Identity and Incarceration. Retrieved from http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=vq=cache:eeM-s7ahzYIJ:www.law.yale.edu/documents/pdf/Intellectual_Life/Liman_Workshop_Spring_2011_Syllabus_Updated_4_25_11.pdf+masculinity+as+prison:+racesexual+identity+and+incarceration+by+Russellhl=engl=kepid=blsrcid=ADGEESiY7-3k2N7SPLClZdt0EytlGv-W8wvYtrmTAWHOlTnPJ6ZlEJdLSjX0RO9QlThQYEehgKhB9QxFZuf4c8nCBMfKyCVizUwnvfiQYofmcWzi-T5rSk9u81Y33ssS_Am4yKU7owrWsig=AHIEtbTyfu3TSHfCawKjPrCkTMPqGaBWvw on July 22. Scribd. (2011). National Standards To Prevent, Detect, and Respond to Prison Rape.  https://www.scribd.com/document/54225566/National-Standards-To-Prevent-Detect-and-Respond-to-Prison-Rape on July 22. Smith, B. V. (2006). Rethinking Prison Sex: Self Expression and Safety. Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 15, p. 185.

APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants

APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants [Supersedes APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (Issued in June 2006 and subsequently amended in February 2008)] ISSUED: December 2010 Copyright  © 2010 Accounting Professional Ethical Standards Board Limited (â€Å"APESB†). All rights reserved. Apart from fair dealing for the purpose of study, research, criticism and review as permitted by the Copyright Act 1968, no part of these materials may be reproduced, modified, or reused or redistributed for any commercial purpose, or distributed to a third party for any such purpose, without the prior written permission of APESB. Any permitted reproduction including fair dealing must acknowledge APESB as the source of any such†¦show more content†¦23 [AUST] PREFACE: SECTIONS 290 AND 291 ................................................................ 40 PART C: MEMBERS IN BUSINESS ............................................................................ 120 TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS .................................................................................... 132 CONFORMITY WITH INTERNATIONAL PRONOUNCEMENTS ........................... 133 2 1 1.1 SCOPE AND APPLICATION Accounting Professional Ethical Standards Board Limited (APESB) issues APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (this Code). This Code is operative from 1 July 2011 and supersedes APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (issued in June 2006 and subsequently amended in February 2008). Earlier adoption of this Code is permitted. Transitional provisions relating to Public Interest Entities, partner rotation, non-assurance services, Fees – relative size, compensation and evaluation policies apply from the date specified in the respective transitional provisions (refer page 132). All Members in Australia shall comply with APES 110 including when providing Professional Services in an honorary capacity. All Members practicing outside of Australia shall comply with APES 110 to the extent to which they are not prevented from so doing by specific requirements of local laws and/or regulations. This Code is not intended to detract from any r esponsibilities which may be imposed by law orShow MoreRelatedThe Issue The Categories Of Threat May Affect Auditor Independence1545 Words   |  7 Pagespressure† (CPA 2013). Application APES 110, of protection measures Para 290,169 recognizes the need for dialogue between the auditor and the client on the types of issues. 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Operation Management of Tesla-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Operation Management of Tesla. Answer: Introduction: Tesla was seen to be founded in the year 2003 by a group of engineers, with main motive to manufacture cars based on electric technology. The companys vision further includes proving that their technology has been seen to be better that the gasoline cars. In the recent time, Tesla is involved is involved in manufacturing not only the all-electric vehicles but is also able to build storage products for scalable clean energy generation. The fist launch of the product has been seen in terms of launching of Roadster in 2008. Post launch of this vehicle the company has been able to be the first in manufacturing the premium all-electric sedan from Model S. The main production unit of the company has been further seen to be based on Fremont factory in California .in this particular location the company also manufactures majority of the vehicles components (Tesla.com, 2017). On March 31, 2016, the new lower priced model 3 of Tesla electric car has been seen with total customer order of 276,000 over the weekend. However, previous Model X has struggled with due to the various types of the associated issue related to the production in terms complex combination of mechanical and computer software problems. The consumer reports have further recommended that they should avoid new cars in their first year of production. The report aims to show the various aspects to refute such recommendations. This has been further able to recommend the various types of the considerations which have been seen to be based on designing of service process new Model 3. The report has been further able to suggest the various types the considerations for Tesla relative to ensuring the quality of their new Model 3 car. Recommendations to refute avoiding new cars in their first year of production The consumer reports have been seen to test the reliability of the services provided by a particular model of the based on series of questionnaire. The questionnaires asked to the consumer are sent to the associated subscribers. The main consideration made in the questionnaire has been further seen to be based on the incidences which have taken place in the last 12 months. These subscribers have been asked to identify the problems relating to issue such as cost, failure, safety, or downtime. The total number of the surveys has been further seen to be ranging from a total number of 200 to 400 samples for each model year (Consumerreports.org, 2017). Based on the consideration made in the previous consumer survey reports tit has been seen to be discerned that it is recommended that the consumers should avoid buying of the new cars in their first year of production. Some of the main recommendations to refute this have been seen with the following considerations: Improving the RMA or RGA services- The recent issues with Model X including mechanical fault such with falcon wing doors and latch on the third-row seat cannot be overlooked and Tesla needs to take appropriate actions to address the same. Return merchandise authorization (RMA) or Return goods authorization (RGA), it that part of the operations management which ensures that the product ordered is eligible to receive a replacement, refund, or repair during the product's warranty period. Tesla should allow the consumers to contact the manufacturer or distributor to receive the authorization to return any part which has been identified to be faulty. The company can seek to improve the existing RMA and RGA services by ensuring that the consumers are able to get these services receive free of cost for the assigned warranty period of Model 3. Some of the other considerations need to be made in terms of the various types of the services which are seen to be associated to the manufacturing pr ocess itself. This will be able to ensure that the products will be replaced even before the reaching the consumers. This can be done during the final testing of the products and ensure that the new cars are not equipped with any faulty equipments (Calvi et al., 2015). Improving the Return to vendor (RTV) services - The company needs to further ensure that specific steps needs to be taken in terms of the various types of the considerations which are seen to be related to the process of returning the goods to the original vendor of the products rather than sending the same to the associated distributor of the products. Tesla needs to particularly reduce the various types of the process which are related to the returning of the original goods to the original vendor rather distributor. The end consumers should be allowed to book the various types of the service which are seen to be related to the booking of RTV services. The company needs to ensure that in incidence of any failure of parts of the car a service deliver agent is able to pick the car from the destination of the user and it needs to en further ensured that the associated faults due to the manufactured process needs to be resolved free of cost (Heizer, 2016). Effective warranty services In order to refute the recommendation based on the Model X of the company it needs to ensure that the warranty services are best on compare to the competitors. It has been further discerned that the various types of the cost incurred to provide the after sales service will result in increasing customer loyalty and more consumer will look forward to invest in the new model of Tesla. Treat the Situation with Urgency- The Company needs to solve the various types to the previous issues which are seen to be associated the faults of the production in the previous Model X. It needs to further ensure that the different types the service provided by Tesla is delivered with utmost testing and reliability. The company needs to focus on the improvement of the quality of the consumer survey and be able to deliver the most reliable product with efficient design (Slack, 2015). Have a Positive Attitude- Tesla should look forward to regain the trust of the consumers not only by the process of the adding exclusive features to the new model but to ensure that Model 3, will be one of the best in its class. It needs to regain the faith of consumers, by ensuring that the new model of the car will be completely different in terms of reliability than its predecessors (Dow Dow, 2016). Managing the delivery of the new Model 3 during the initial production ramp up It has been seen that Tesla has been able to share the various types of information which are seen to be related to the delivery of the new Model 3 during the initial production ramp up. Tesla should set a target of 20,000 consumers in December. Tesla should take reviews from the customers for its first 30 orders of Model 3. It needs to further aim to produce 100 and further increase this to 1,500 in September. As the company has been seen to launch a total of 25,051 vehicles in the first quarter, it should double up the distribution process in the second quarter (Hull, 2017). The main geographic locations selected to deliver the products in Europe and North America. For the delivery of the efficient service the company needs to consider the partners which are seen in terms of the position of the new cars in the market. Tesla is having more than 30000 of them including long working in the factory located at Fremont. The models of the car have been shown off with 5,000 cars per week and the company should further consider 10000 cars in 2018 (Greentechmedia.com, 2017). The company needs to further select the various types of the value chain partners which are seen to be based on the component, partners and the various types of the other regulators. The enabling process of the company has been also seen to be based on the vehicle testing process, using of big data and testing of the testing of the battery in the Nevada plant. The core process of the company has been further seen to be based on the various types of the process like using the appropriate manufacturing and the assembling software, electric car and the precise technological knowledge. The customer service has been based on the customer brand evangelists, direct sales from the customer. The delivery service of Tesla can further take into consideration free charging stations. Some of the distribution channel of the company may include both online and retail store. The various types of the promotion done on the online sites and retail stores are considered as per the promotional strategies . The customer segment of the company has been further seen to be distributed based on the high end retail stores. The service process for the cost structure of the company needs to further consider the various types of the factors such as manufacturing, engineering, technology, real estate, maintenance and engineering salaries. The various channels of the revenue streams of the company have been further seen in from of sales of cars and partnerships. The position of the stores of the company in the designated geographical areas should be further based on the stores which are located in the high foot traffic with high visibility such as malls and shopping streets where the people are seen to visit on regular basis. This particular aspect will further allow the company to interact with the various types of potential consumers and it will be further able to learn about customer buying behavior. Tesla needs to further take various initiatives to train product specialists so that the consumers will be able to buy the relevant sub model under Model 3. Some of the main features which Tesla needs to ensure during the launch of the product has been seen in terms of ensuring the facilitation of the features such as auto steer, auto parallel parking, sun roof, superfast charging, Level 3 fast charging and facilities such as vehicle to grid capability. Some of the main consideration during the delivery process needs to further consider based on the facilities such as free car rental for 3 weeks every year, preheating/ pre-cooling app. Figure: Service process model for Model 3 (Source: Slack, 2015) Other suggestions for Tesla relative to ensuring the quality of their new Model 3 car The company should consider the various types of flaws in the Model X as a hard lesson in the manufacturing process of Model 3. The Model 3 should build procedure should follow simpler specification that it was present in the Model X of the ultra-luxury offerings. Tesla should consider releasing of the details associated to technical specifications, financing options and interior design options. The company should ensure that the company is able to publish sufficient details about the product so that the customer loyalty has been ensured. Some of the main form of the other consideration taken by Tesla needs to be implemented based on the refundable deposits. The company has been already seen to considering total refundable deposits of 400000; however it needs to ensure that the people are placed in the first line to buy the vehicles. Hence due to the immensely high number of the orders, Tesla should consider deliver cars to customers on a first-come-first-served basis (i.e., in the o rder of when deposits were placed) (USA TODAY, 2017). The company needs to further take into consideration that the first-come-first-served basis of scheduling. This type of service is seen to be based on attending the orders based on the arrivals without the individual preferences. By following a first-come-first-served basis of scheduling the company will be further able to ensure that the customers are able to get an equal opportunity in the delivery of the desired services. The company will be able to ensure that the various types of the delivery of the service also seen with utmost fairness. This particular strategy needs to further employ in the sales orders, in determining restaurant seating and of course the vehicle orders. It has been further considered that the scheduling of the services has been further seen to be based on the different types services associated to the pre-booking of the products. The various types of the considerations made in terms of the after sales service of the adoption of the RMA services should be sim ilarly considered on First cum first serve basis. The important aspect of the services has been further seen to be base on the various types the factors which has been take into consideration made with insurance of the vehicles. The company should take the initiative of to inform the customers of the insurance option from the time of purchasing (Krajewski et al., 2013). In order to ensure the more reliability in the manufactured products, the company needs to ensure the adoption of six sigma technique. The maturity of the manufacturing process based on six-sigma approach will be able to ensure that the manufacturing process is seen with 99.99966% in terms of the al the opportunities of the produce to be defect free in nature. The continuous integration of the six sigma will be able to ensure the continuous effort to achieve a predictable and stable measure in reduce the variation in the manufacturing method. Hence, the company will be able to deliver highest quality to the customers (Pyzdek Keller, 2014). Conclusion The study has been able to focus on the feedbacks of previous consumer survey reports of Model X and suggest the various types the considerations for Tesla relative to ensuring the quality of their new Model 3 car. The main form of the recommendation to refute avoiding new cars in their first year of production of the cars has been seen to be based on the Improving the RMA or RGA services. This has been identified as the recent issues with Model X including mechanical fault such with falcon wing doors and latch on the third-row seat cannot be overlooked and Tesla needs to take appropriate actions to address the same. Return merchandise authorization (RMA) or Return goods authorization (RGA). Tesla needs to further ensure that specific steps need to be taken in terms of the various types of the considerations which are seen to be related to the process of returning the goods to the original vendor of the products rather than sending the same to the associated distributor of the produc ts. For managing the delivery of the Model 3, the company needs to take reviews from the customers for its first 30 orders of Model 3. It needs to further aim to produce 100 and further increase this to 1,500 in September. As the company has been seen to launch a total of 25,051 vehicles in the first quarter, it should double up the distribution process in the second quarter. It has been further seen that the company should adopt first cum first serve service for the order and maintain quality aspect with the adoption of Six Sigma. References About Tesla | Tesla. (2017).Tesla.com. Retrieved 10 August 2017, from https://www.tesla.com/about Calvi, K., Chung, S. H., Havens, R., Srihari, K., Economou, M., Kulkarni, R. (2015, January). A Simulation-based Optimization Study in Return Merchandise Authorization Processes. InIIE Annual Conference. Proceedings(p. 2011). Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers (IISE). Chiefinnovator.com. (2017).Retrieved 10 August 2017, from https://www.chiefinnovator.com/sites/chiefinnovator.com/files/tesla-bma.jpg Dow, J., Dow, J. (2016).Tesla Model S re-earns Consumer Reports recommendation on improved reliability.Electrek. Retrieved 10 August 2017, from https://electrek.co/2016/10/24/tesla-model-s-re-earns-consumer-reports-recommendation-on-improved-reliability/ Greentechmedia.com. (2017).Teslas Highly Anticipated Model 3 Just Entered Production Hell. [online] Available at: https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/tesla-model-3-production-hell-elon-musk-ev [Accessed 10 Aug. 2017]. Heizer, J. (2016).Operations Management, 11/e. Pearson Education India. Hull, M. (2017).Elon Musk's 15-Year Quest Gets the Green Light.Bloomberg.com. Retrieved 10 August 2017, from https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-07-03/tesla-ceo-musk-says-model-3-passes-all-regulatory-requirements Krajewski, L. J., Ritzman, L. P., Malhotra, M. K. (2013).Operations management: processes and supply chains(Vol. 1). New York, NY: Pearson. Pyzdek, T., Keller, P. A. (2014).The six sigma handbook(p. 25). New York: McGraw-Hill Education. Slack, N. (2015).Operations strategy. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Tesla Model 3 Reliability - Consumer Reports. (2017).Consumerreports.org. Retrieved 10 August 2017, from https://www.consumerreports.org/cars/tesla/model-3/2017/reliability Tesla Model 3: Should you buy Elon Musk's first mass-market electric car?. (2017).USA TODAY. Retrieved 10 August 2017, from https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/cars/2017/07/17/tesla-model-3/471938001/ Teslas Highly Anticipated Model 3 Just Entered Production Hell. (2017).Greentechmedia.com. Retrieved 10 August 2017, from https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/tesla-model-3-production-hell-elon-musk-ev USA TODAY. (2017).Tesla Model 3: Should you buy Elon Musk's first mass-market electric car?. [online] Available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/cars/2017/07/17/tesla-model-3/471938001/ [Accessed 10 Aug. 2017].

What Is the Impact on Airplane Pilots Work Hours and Stress on Flight Safety free essay sample

Accuracy means something to me. Its vital to my sense of values. Ive learned not to trust people who are inaccurate. Every aviator knows that if mechanics are inaccurate, aircraft crash. If pilots are inaccurate, they get lost—sometimes killed. In my profession life itself depends on accuracy. † –Charles A. Lindbergh Accuracy includes precision, if you aren’t paying attention how will anything ever be exact and precise? The time pilots spend behind the controls of an air craft can be anywhere from one hour to fifteen hours. The first and last twenty minutes of a flight are the most dangerous and stressful time for pilots, take-off, taxiing from gate to runway and back and touchdown. After fifteen hours of concentration the pilots usually won’t have enough energy to safely land the plane. So what is the impact on airplane pilots work hours and stress on flight safety? Pilots get stressed after fifteen hours of flying this is without any other factors that distract them from work. We will write a custom essay sample on What Is the Impact on Airplane Pilots Work Hours and Stress on Flight Safety? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The article Air India Pilots Threaten Indefinite Strike tells about the hardships of many pilots in India. A large number of our members (pilots) have informed us that owing to the psychological stress that they are under and bearing in mind the safety of passengers; they will be unable to operate flights on and after April 1st, until the management clears all the dues. † (Indo Asian News Service) They later state, â€Å"Many have taken loans for their flying training, other share commitments to their parents and children, and many have complained that banks are hounding them to repay their loans. † (IANS) This shows that the people who are flying planes have other things that are also on their mind. Preoccupied, stressed out about problems at home won’t help with the problems of paying of the loans of their training. Airlines should make a conscious effort to help out pilots so they don’t have to be stressed with outside things while on the job. â€Å"Family first† a common cliche used in the world, this would explain why many pilots complain about family troubles while at work. The European Union is trying to help airline pilot. They are trying to reduce pilot’s hours from 15 hours to 14 hours at daylight and 12 hours at night. Alex Derry) The European Cockpit Association Wants still more of a reduction on the number of hours that the pilots can work. (Alex Derry) The work hours are not the same numbers of hours they are sitting at the controls. They usually work be between 8 to 15 hours a day and only 13 to 6 are actually behind the controls of the aircraft cockpit. The hours are 1 to 2 hours more for work but still create stress on the pilots. The United Kingdom currently leads the way with the least amount of time pilots can fly continentally. Their regulations allow for the maximum hours a pilot can fly to be 10 hours and 15 minutes. They are trying to get an exemption from the European Union’s vote so that they can feel their pilots are safe. It is great to see the number of countries that turn their heads to be aware of this increase. Then there are nations like Britain already passing laws to limit hours on already existing regulations. Then there are also countries like the United States that are doing research to test the limits of the human body that the world can then use. Additionally an interview by Denmark’s Politiken a pilot explained how he flew even though he felt unfit to fly as well as fatigued. The pilot comments, â€Å"I thought that I should declare myself unfit, but flew nonetheless, during the flight, I made a lot of small mistakes, but luckily nothing happened. † Many pilots feel that they will lose their job if they don’t show up to work because they are sick. A law was actually installed to make sure pilots didn’t fly if they felt unfit to fly. Still in a survey taken in 2010, 61 pilots were asked if they had piloted an aircraft when they had felt unit to fly, 80% said they had and they felt pressured to do it. Another 34% said they had flown unfit five times in the past five years. (Alex Derry) If the passengers in the plane had known this they might not have flown the plane that trip. It’s a daunting thought that as you sit in the airplane your pilot may be sleeping and you would never know about it. The ICE (Inter City Express) trains in Germany have installed petals that must be pressed every minute to 30 seconds otherwise the train will shut off automatically. Something like this maybe a good idea on planes to make sure the pilot or the co-pilot stays awake. This could also help air traffic controllers and the Federal Aviation Administration see and curve the amount of planes where pilots fall asleep. So the question arises, why do the pilots feel pressured? Workers for many airlines are under constant strain of work because or the budget cuts within the company. (Eastern Worker) Often companies seem to not acknowledge that they make their employees work so hard. What makes the company pressure the pilots? How the companies have handles the rise of fuel prices is by cutting personnel, meaning the people who are left need to work more hours to fill the spots of the people that left. To create a scenario, you fly from Gainesville to Charlotte and back two times every day. US Airways decides they don’t have to money to pay another pilot and you receive their hours too. Now you will fly back and forth four times. The time you now get to spend with your family has been decreased so you worry more about what is happening at home and you get less free time so you get less time to rest. So another pilot gets dismissed so US Airways has you running the max hours they can every day for regional flights, 10 hours. This means you spend every second night in Gainesville and one in Charlotte, unless there is an open seat on the returning flight. It is easy to see how the company can make it so the pilot could be so stressed about his or her work. A story by the Eastern Worker tells of a tragedy that occurred from lack of sleep of an Air India pilot. On May 22, 2010 a flight from Dubai to Mangalore killed 158 passengers and crew and left only 8 people alive. The pilot was suffering from â€Å"sleep inertia. † He fell asleep and didn’t wake up until the plane was on its decent. When he reached the airport’s landing strip he only had 244 meters left, he had over flown the other 2,156 meters of runway. The plane ended up hitting a wall and sliding into the adjoining valley. The black box which contains vital flight information was found and they heard cockpit noises of deep snoring and heavy breathing and an argument after touchdown whether or not to take off again. (Eastern Worker) Eliminating arguments between the captain and the co-pilot could have saved the plane but then it would depend who is right the pilot isn’t always correct. As the plane needs a certain length of runway to safely land this should be the overall determiner to whether or not the plan could land. This is an extreme case of what can happen. The pilot fell asleep for half the flight and then he wakes up and is disoriented and has a slow reaction time when it comes time to land the plane. Not all cases are like this though. In 2006, the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) and Delta signed an agreement authorizing Delta pilots to fly 16-17 hour flights between the U. S. and India. Aviation Today’s Daily Brief) These are very long hours of work for the pilots so before they are allowed to fly again they must rest 48 hours before departing on the return leg. This spied lawsuits about how long the pilots must rest the final decision lay at 48 hours minimum to 96 hours maximum. June 2008, the FAA held an aviation fatigue management conference; it was the first event ever that focused on fatigue in all aspects of aviation; whether it occurr ed aboard an aircraft, in the hanger, enroute, or in air traffic control towers. This provided scientists data to work on something. The research shows that relatively little is known about the subtle effects of fatigue on the performance of flight crew during normal long haul flight operations. (Aviation Today’s Daily Brief) The research was aimed to find three big things, to get more current data and information on fatigue physiology, develop common theories about fatigue as well as identify challenges, and finally, make connections to make new moving patterns for goods. This experiment was done using crews of airplane staff and testing their reflexes in real life situations. The were two groups, a rested group that had gotten four days in a row off after a long haul flight and a second group that had just gotten off the long haul flight. Needless to say the group with the four days of no work did better in the scenarios. The simulator they were put in made them fly a normal route with a series of operational threats to create more stress and work for the crew. The results showed the FAA what needs to be worked on to create a better performance while flying long haul flights. The results also showed the little amount we know about fatigue and the affects on humans. So what is the impact on airplane pilots work hours and stress on flight safety? Pilots are impacted by stress and long work hours. The safety of the plane is at risk as soon as the pilot is sleep deprived or under strain. Ususally this is not a problem but in extreme cases it is. I think that airline companies need to put a limit on the number of hours a pilot can fly this should be decided on by research into such things. On the

Conjugating the Irregular French Verb Devenir (to Become)

Conjugating the Irregular French Verb 'Devenir' (to Become) Devenir, to become, is an  irregular French -ir verb, meaning the infinitive ends in -ir.  The chart below lists the conjugations of this verb; it does not include compound conjugations, which consist of some form of the auxiliary verb  Ãƒ ªtre  and the past participle devenu. Devenir Is Highly Irregular There are two groups within the irregular French  -ir  verbs, one around verbs like partir and sortir and a second around verbs like offrir and ouvrir,  that show some conjugation patterns. Devenir and similar verbs like venir  (to come), tenir  (to hold, to keep) and others do not fall into these groups, much less any conjugation group. Their conjugations are so unusual and unwieldy that you simply have to memorize them in order to use these verbs correctly Verbs Ending in -venir and -tenir Since devenir is conjugated the same way as similar verbs like venir and tenir, it follows that all French verbs ending in the suffixes  -venir  and  -tenir  are also conjugated this way. It makes life a little easier if you know the conjugation of at least one of these verbs; then you can apply the same endings to all like verbs. Here are some verbs ending in -venir and -tenir, all of which are conjugated in the same very irregular way as devenir, venir, and tenir. Abstenir to abstainConvenir  Ã‚  Ã‚  to suitTenir   to hold, keep  Devenir   to become  Revenir   to come [home], return  Dà ©tenir   to hold, detain  Obtenir   to obtain, get  Soutenir   to support, uphold  Parvenir  Ã‚   to achieve  Entretenir   to look after, maintain  Maintenir   to maintain  Intervenir   to intervene  Ã‚  Retenir   to retain  Prà ©venir  Ã‚  to warn, preventAppartenir   to belong to  Contenir   to contain  Survenir   crop up, happen, occur  Provenir   to come from  Advenir   to happen  Ã‚  Ã‚  Subvenir  Ã‚   to provide for  Contrevenir   to contravene  Circonvenir   to circumvent   Devenir: Uses and Expressions The following expressions show French students how to use  devenir in various phrases. Tu es devenue une femme. Youre a woman now.Devenir rà ©alità © to become a realityDevenir vieux to get or grow oldEt moi, quest-ce que je vais devenir?   Whats to become of me?Je ne sais pas ce que je deviendrais sans toi.   I dont know what Id do without you.Que devenez-vous?   How are you getting on? / Hows it going?Et lui, quest-ce quil devient? Whats he up to these days? (vous faire) devenir dingue  (familier),   (vous faire) devenir fou, (vous faire) devenir chà ¨vre  (familier)   enough to drive you mad /  enough  to make you scream Conjugating Devenir The table provides the simple conjugations of  devenir  in its various tenses and moods. Present Future Imperfect Present participle je deviens deviendrai devenais devenant tu deviens deviendras devenais il devient deviendra devenait nous devenons deviendrons devenions vous devenez deviendrez deveniez ils deviennent deviendront devenaient Passà © composà © Auxiliary verb à ªtre Past participle devenu Subjunctive Conditional Passà © simple Imperfect subjunctive je devienne deviendrais devins devinsse tu deviennes deviendrais devins devinsses il devienne deviendrait devint devà ®nt nous devenions deviendrions devà ®nmes devinssions vous deveniez deviendriez devà ®ntes devinssiez ils deviennent deviendraient devinrent devinssent Imperative tu deviens nous devenons vous devenez

Flat U.S. Wages Help Fuel Rebound in Manufacturing Assignment

Flat U.S. Wages Help Fuel Rebound in Manufacturing - Assignment Example With the sluggish economy, waning consumer confidence, and less access to credit (among other factors), manufacturers have struggled to keep pace. This reality, however, appears to be drawing to a close as manufacturing numbers and production output have been up in recent quarters. This phenomenon is partly fueled by the reality that wages in this sector have remained stagnant, ironically allowing manufacturing companies to catch up on their productivity and increase profitability due to less expense related to labor costs and benefits. It is important to understand the relationship that exists between labor cost and the cost of manufactured goods. In times of decreased production, if wages kept pace with inflation, many plants would quickly find themselves in dire situations. With the tables reversed, however, and production picking up due to stagnant wages, many industries in the manufacturing sector are returning to the United States. This further fueling the economic development, even though many argue that the retailing and services side of the economy are left out in the dark because of decreased buying power exhibited by workers. There are certainly challenges facing the manufacturing industry in America as it continues to compete in an increasingly global economy, but the current signs are positive and the trends are moving in the right direction.

Analysis of monthly cash budget of Cyrus Brown Manufacturing Company Essay

Analysis of monthly cash budget of Cyrus Brown Manufacturing Company - Essay Example We will note from the income statement the net cash inflows from operations during the year after deducting the direct manufacturing costs and indirect expenses. As shown from the FS, the sales forecast for March and April are not sufficient to produce profit for the said months as expenses exceed projected sales. For the month of May, profit will be realized as projected sales have been increased. A substantial loss is seen for the month of June. A brief analysis of the data reveals that the loss is because of an investment made for plant structure and payment of taxes. The biggest sales forecast comes in September; however, it is also coupled with corresponding increase of expenses that includes second installment of payment of taxes; total expenses are 90% of sales. Accordingly, expected profit is reduced. There is a 42% drop in sales in October which is quite significant as it will also considerably affect the projected profit of the company and will reduce the cash receipts for the month. There is no explanation why the forecast of sales has gone down in October and November. TheTaxes have been deducted from the computations so the earnings that are shown in the balance are NET, that is no tax and interest have to be deducted. The net earnings are funds available for other uses like payment of debts or for other investments (Investorwords, n.d.) A projected monthly cash flow statement for March to November is presented for CBM to show the incoming and outgoing cash in the operations of the business. (See Annex 1). A cash flow has been defined as an accounting process that shows the difference of amount of cash in the beginning (opening balance) and the amount at the end of the period (closing balance) (Business Dictionary.com., n.d.). Management of cash flows is an important part of the business operations because most often it becomes the source of failure for most businesses. Thus, FindLaw (n.d) contends that when the owner of the business understands th e concept of cash management, he is prepared in the unforeseen eventualities in the business because he has a plan. Cash flows may become positive or negative during operations. When it is positive, business is shown to be in a healthy condition, while negative cash outflow shows internal problems in the operations. For CBM, its cash position shows negative cash outflow in the first two months of operations because of poor collection in March and slow growth of sales in March up to April. Cash flows will show the sources of funds used in the operations and how and where the funds are used. For sources of funds CBM provided an opening balance of $50,000 and collections from monthly sales. For March, only 75% of projected sales are expected to be collected. From April to November, 100 percent collection is expected to be collected. Because expenses are more than the funds collected from March to June there is a shortage of funds for this period. Due to this, CBM needs to get outside s ources of funds to finance its operations for March, April and June. There is a large cash outflow in June because of a capital investment and payment of taxes in June, after which cash flow becomes positive and profit accrue to the business. The cash on hand provided by CBM is $50,000.00 and it will need additional funds to support its operations. Approximately CBM needs a minimum credit line of $24,500 to draw for its monthly shortage of funds. It is assumed that CBM had provided capital for operations and there is no need to borrow additional funds. Conclusion. A cash flow projection